Case Study

Schools A, B, C and D each have 90 pupils at GCSE, but their numbers change before A level. School A reduces by 20, B by 10, C remains the same size, and D increases by 10.

A and B place league table position as high priority, C and D place all round education as a greater priority, and celebrate less able candidates who achieve C – E grades.

At the higher ability end each school has exactly 50 candidates who gain 150 A and B grades between them.

League tables are constructed on the basis of % A, B and produce these results:

School Pulpils Total grades A/B grades % AB
A 70 210 150 71
B 80 240 150 62
C 90 270 150 55
D 100 300 150 50

  • And so by culling 20 pupils, school A rises 16% up the league tables hoping to suggest it is ‘more academic’. Yet the most able pupils perform exactly the same in A, B, C, D.
  • School B, a boarding school, now encourages its overseas pupils (say 25%) to sit A levels in their native language. All achieve A or B grades. B attains 25% x 80 = 20 more A, B grades.
  • School C advises its best 50 candidates to sit four A levels. The average score is AABB.
  • School D advises its 50 candidates to sit three A levels. All achieve AAA.

The new table becomes:

School Pupils Total grades A/B grades % AB
A 70 210 150 71
B 80 260 170 65
C 90 320 200 62.5
D 100 300 150 50

School C achieves a higher position than School D, but at School D more pupils gain the AAA offer set by the most selecting universities.